“It is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text” Newmark (1988:5).” This definition stresses on rendering meaning of the source language text into the target language text as what is intended by the author.
Hatim and Munday (2004: 6) define translation as “the process of transferring a written text from source language (SL) to target language (TL)”. In this definition they do not explicitly express that the object being transferred is meaning or message. They emphasis on translation as a process.
“Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in term of style.” Nida and Taber (1969: 12). This definition is more comprehensive than the previous ones. Nida and Taber explicitly state that translation is closely related to the problems of languages, meaning, and equivalence.
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